Nagaita Chugata is a traditional dyeing technique that originated in mid-Edo period. It is an indigo-dyed cotton fabric used for summer Kimono (Yukata), especially as casual wear after bathing. The process is characterized by applying resist paste to both sides of the fabric on a long board, then immersing it in indigo, resulting in identical patterns on the front and back. The name “Nagaita Chugata” comes from the use of a long board about 6.5 meters in length to stretch the fabric during paste application, and from the size of its patterns—larger than Komon yet smaller than Daimon. Mastery is required to align the stencil precisely: artisans place stencils on the fabric, apply resist paste with a spatula, dry it, then repeat the process on the reverse side so that the patterns overlap perfectly. Once completed, the fabric is dyed in indigo vats. By the late Meiji era, most Yukata were being dyed with synthetic dyes using stencil-resist or basket-dyeing methods, which gradually reduced demand for Edo-style Chugata. However, the techniques of Nagaita Chugata continue to be preserved today.